Key points
- Neurofeedback is a biofeedback method that aims to help an individual recognize their brain activity measured by EEG through visual or auditory feedback and develop self-regulation skills.
- It is drug-free and non-invasive; however, it is not a proven standalone treatment for every condition.
- The protocol should be personalized according to the purpose of presentation and clinical evaluation.
- Efficacy may vary depending on the diagnosis, the protocol used, the occurrence of learning, and regular session attendance.
What is neurofeedback?
Neurofeedback is also called EEG biofeedback. Sensors placed on the head region record brainwaves; a computer converts this activity into real-time feedback such as a game, sound, color, or image. Over time, the individual attempts to learn to regulate designated brain activity patterns.
How does the AudioColor system work?
In the AudioColor approach, EEG signals are processed to generate visual and auditory feedback. During the session, the individual sits in a comfortable position; sensors only record activity and do not deliver electricity to the brain. The goal of the protocol is determined based on selected functions such as attention, relaxation, arousal level, or self-regulation.
Are QEEG and neurofeedback the same thing?
QEEG is the quantitative analysis of EEG data and can provide patterns that may assist in treatment planning. Neurofeedback, on the other hand, is the practice of learning and self-regulation through feedback. QEEG findings alone do not establish a psychiatric or neurological diagnosis; they must be interpreted together with clinical examination and validated assessment tools.
In which conditions has it been researched?
- Attention and impulse control difficulties
- Anxiety, stress, and emotion regulation problems
- Post-traumatic stress symptoms
- Sleep problems
- Self-regulation associated with migraine and chronic pain
- Pain, sleep, and quality of life in fibromyalgia
What does research show?
The level of evidence varies according to the targeted condition. Promising results have been reported in PTSD and some anxiety studies; however, the studies are mostly small and heterogeneous. A current 2025 meta-analysis for ADHD reported that a clinically and neuropsychologically significant overall benefit could not be demonstrated at the group level. For this reason, neurofeedback is considered not as a replacement for standard treatments in appropriate individuals, but as a complementary option with defined goals and outcome measures.
Session process
- Presenting complaints, medical history, sleep, medications, and daily functions are evaluated.
- When necessary, EEG/QEEG and validated scales are utilized.
- A measurable goal and an appropriate protocol are determined.
- Learning performance and changes in daily life are monitored throughout the sessions.
- If sufficient progress is not observed, the protocol or method is re-evaluated.
Safety
Neurofeedback is non-invasive and well tolerated by most people. Temporary fatigue, headache, restlessness, or changes in sleep patterns may be seen. If there is epilepsy, bipolar disorder, severe psychiatric symptoms, or regular medication use, the protocol should be planned in coordination with the relevant specialties.
Approach in our clinic
We plan neurofeedback not only through the wave values on the screen, but together with the individual’s real-life goals. Outcomes such as attention, sleep, stress tolerance, pain, and daily performance are defined at the outset and monitored at regular intervals. Thus, instead of a standard package, sessions turn into a personalized, measurable program that can be updated when necessary.
In our clinic, we do not view brain health as consisting solely of memory or attention scores. Mental balance, quality sleep, regulation of the stress response, cognitive flexibility, and an individual’s ability to maintain their mental capacity in daily life are important components of healthy aging.
For this reason, in eligible individuals, we evaluate technologies such as AudioColor and neurofeedback among the psychophysiological and neurocognitive support tools of the integrative longevity program. The goal here is not to produce results through a single technology, but to create a more comprehensive healthy aging plan that addresses physical capacity, metabolic health, sleep, and mental resilience together.
Frequently asked questions
Does neurofeedback deliver electricity to the brain?
Standard EEG neurofeedback sensors record brain activity; they do not deliver electrical current to the brain.
In how many sessions are results achieved?
The learning rate and the targeted condition vary from person to person. A monitoring interval is determined after the initial assessment; measurable functional change is taken as the basis, not just the number of sessions.
Related content
References
- Westwood et al. Meta-analysis of neurofeedback for ADHD
- Askovic et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of neurofeedback for PTSD
- Systematic review of EEG neurofeedback in fibromyalgia
- Comprehensive overview of neurofeedback methods
For the general framework of EEG feedback, QEEG-assisted assessment, and the session approach, you can review the main Neurofeedback guide.
